Gurdwara Sher Shikar, (Gurdwara of the Tiger Hunt) is situated in Machkund, in Dhaulpur, Rajasthan, India. This Gurdwara is connected to the sixth Guru, Shri Guru Hargobind's visit and his part in the fabled hunt. (The story is told by some as a Tiger and by others as a Lion.
History
The historical account of Guru Hargobind during his journey with Emperor Jahangir towards Gwalior is marked by a significant and dramatic event that took place on March 4, 1612, upon their arrival at Machkund. As they settled in the nearby Bhamtipura village, the local residents expressed their concerns about a ferocious lion that was troubling the community. This situation presented Emperor Jahangir with a dubious opportunity. Instead of genuinely seeking to protect the villagers, he saw the lion hunt as a potential means to harm Guru Hargobind, possibly aiming to undermine his influence or eliminate him altogether.
As the hunting party set out into the wilderness, the tension escalated when the lion unexpectedly lunged at Emperor Jahangir. The emperor and his soldiers reacted with panic, firing shots and arrows in a desperate attempt to defend themselves. However, their efforts proved futile as the lion pressed on, undeterred by the commotion surrounding it. In this critical moment of crisis, the bravery of Guru Hargobind shone through. Demonstrating remarkable courage, he swiftly dismounted his horse and placed himself between the lion and Emperor Jahangir.
Guru Hargobind's selfless act of protection was not only a physical barrier against the lion but also a powerful statement of his moral conviction. With unwavering resolve, he addressed the lion with the words:
"Ae kale yaman pehlan toon war kar lae kidre tere man di iccha baaki na reh jaye."
This translates to, “Hey Kaal Yaman, first attack me, so that no desire to attack remains in your mind.”
This moment is pivotal in Sikh history, encapsulating Guru Hargobind's fearlessness and steadfast commitment to safeguarding others, even at the risk of his own life. His actions exemplify the principles of sacrifice, bravery, and leadership that are foundational to Sikh teachings. This incident not only illustrates the Guru’s physical prowess but also cements his legacy as a protector and a warrior, influencing the course of events in his time and inspiring future generations.
Attack Of Lion
The attack of the lion on Guru Hargobind is a dramatic and defining moment that showcases both his bravery and spiritual authority. When the lion lunged fiercely at the Guru, it created an intense scene filled with danger. In a swift and agile response, Guru Hargobind raised his shield with his left hand while wielding his sword with the right. With remarkable skill, he struck down the lion in a single, fluid motion. This action is not merely a display of martial ability; it signifies the Guru's spiritual strength and moral courage, embodying the values of protection and selflessness that are central to Sikh philosophy.
As the lion was brought down, the reaction of Emperor Jahangir and his soldiers is noteworthy. While the soldiers retreated in fear, the Guru stood his ground, illustrating his fearless protection of others in the face of imminent danger. This moment not only solidified Guru Hargobind's reputation but also transformed Machkund into a significant site for the Udasis, a sect of Sikh devotees. In the aftermath of the incident, the Udasis began to engage in spiritual activities in Machkund, making it a hub of religious and community gatherings for a period.
Following this event, Emperor Jahangir recognized the significance of Guru Hargobind and frequently invited him to accompany him on his royal tours across the kingdom. This marked the beginning of a complex relationship between the two figures. However, the narrative takes a darker turn with the introduction of Chandu Shah, who had played a significant role in the martyrdom of Guru Arjan, the fifth Sikh Guru. Chandu Shah's malicious intentions toward Guru Hargobind signal the emergence of political intrigue and danger that would test the Guru's resilience and commitment to his principles in the face of betrayal.
Evil Scheme of Chandu
During a critical period in Agra, Emperor Jahangir experienced a severe illness that left his personal medical attendants unable to provide effective treatment. In desperation, he turned to a more traditional method of healing by consulting astrologers, a practice steeped in the cultural and spiritual fabric of ancient India. These astrologers interpreted Jahangir's ailment as being linked to the alignment of celestial bodies, known as Grahas, which were believed to exert considerable influence over human affairs and health.
Amidst this unfolding situation, Chandu Shah—a figure deeply embroiled in the darker chapters of Sikh history, particularly for his role in the martyrdom of Guru Arjan—saw a strategic opportunity to undermine Guru Hargobind's growing influence in the empire. Chandu Shah's motivations were rooted in his past grievances and the fear of losing power to the Guru, who had recently gained prominence as a spiritual leader and advisor to the emperor.
While Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, had earlier denounced reliance on astrology and superstitions, the astrologers advised Emperor Jahangir that his salvation lay in the prayers of a saintly figure at Gwalior Fort. They declared that there was no one more holy than Guru Hargobind, who had recently become an associate of the emperor. This recommendation painted the Guru as a critical figure for the emperor's recovery and was strategically relayed to Guru Hargobind, putting him in a position where his involvement was deemed essential for Jahangir's well-being.
This moment marked a significant turning point, as it not only placed Guru Hargobind under scrutiny but also reflected the complex interplay of power, faith, and manipulation in the political landscape of the time. It underscored the tensions between spiritual leadership and political ambitions, highlighting how figures like Chandu Shah sought to exploit such situations for their gain. The incident foreshadowed the challenges that lay ahead for Guru Hargobind as he navigated the treacherous waters of court politics, further entrenching the narrative of his life as one of resilience and steadfastness against deceit and ambition.
Gwalior Fort
Guru Hargobind, understanding the potential dangers posed by Chandu Shah’s schemes, approached the situation with caution. Despite his reservations, he accepted Emperor Jahangir’s request and journeyed to Gwalior Fort with five trusted companions to offer prayers for the emperor’s recovery. This journey not only reflected his commitment to serve but also his awareness of the intricate web of court politics and the threats that lay ahead.
Upon reaching Gwalior Fort, Guru Hargobind discovered that the fort was not merely a place for his prayers but a prison housing 52 Indian princes who were subjected to harsh and inhumane conditions. Recognizing the plight of these imprisoned nobles, Guru Hargobind intervened, providing them with comfort and encouraging them to engage in daily prayers, fostering a sense of hope and unity among the prisoners. His compassionate actions not only showcased his leadership qualities but also emphasized the Sikh values of justice and community service.
Chandu Shah was scheming against him. In a malevolent act aimed at eliminating the Guru, Chandu had ordered that the food served to Guru Hargobind be poisoned. However, the fort’s governor, Hari Das, was a man of integrity and held deep admiration for the Guru. His respect for Guru Hargobind likely acted as a safeguard against Chandu’s plot, as he ensured that the Guru received safe and nutritious food during his stay at the fort.
As Jahangir’s health began to improve due to the prayers offered by Guru Hargobind, the Guru found himself confined in the fort, increasingly perceiving his situation as one of imprisonment. He had come to assist the emperor, yet he was trapped within the very walls meant for the protection of royalty.
Eventually, a court admirer reminded Jahangir of his debt to Guru Hargobind, prompting the emperor to reconsider the Guru's confinement. This moment led to the Guru's release, but he did not seek freedom solely for himself. Instead, he insisted on the liberation of all 52 imprisoned princes, demonstrating his unwavering commitment to justice and the welfare of others, regardless of their status.
After some initial hesitation, Jahangir relented, and all the imprisoned princes were set free. This act of liberation further solidified Guru Hargobind’s legacy as a figure of compassion and strength. The section of Gwalior Fort where Guru Hargobind was held is now known as Bandi Chor, meaning "the liberator of prisoners," a title that honors his selfless actions and commitment to justice in the face of adversity.
This episode in Gwalior Fort not only highlights the complex dynamics of power and politics in the Mughal era but also reflects Guru Hargobind's profound influence and enduring legacy as a spiritual leader who prioritized the well-being of others above his own safety.
Aftermath of Incident
Following Guru Hargobind's heroic confrontation with the lion, the site became a place of spiritual significance. Udasi sadhus, who were followers of the Guru, began performing Gurbani kirtan (singing of hymns) and providing Langar (community meals) to visitors. This practice attracted many people, fostering a sense of community and spirituality in the area. However, over time, the Udasi sadhus gradually moved on, leading to a decline in activities at the site.
Despite this decline, the sacred location caught the attention of the Maharani of Dhaulpur, the daughter of Maharaja Patiala. Recognizing its importance, she organized the prakash (illumination) of Guru Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of Sikhism, thereby revitalizing the site’s spiritual atmosphere.
Later, Sant Baba Thakur Singh, who was returning from Hazur Sahib to Punjab, heard of Guru Hargobind's remarkable deeds and visited the site. During his visit, he discovered an old thara sahib (platform) and, through excavation, found a small sword and Kundals (ear ornaments) buried about 5 meters deep. This discovery further enhanced the site's significance and drew more visitors, reinvigorating its status as a spiritual landmark.
Conclusion
The aftermath of the lion incident not only showcased Guru Hargobind's bravery but also turned Machkund into a place of spiritual awakening. The efforts of the Udasi sadhus and the Maharani helped keep the site alive in the hearts of the people. The discoveries made by Sant Baba Thakur Singh added to its legacy, reminding everyone of the Guru’s courage and teachings. Today, Machkund stands as a symbol of faith, resilience, and community spirit, continuing to inspire all who visit.
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